Summary

The cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes in immunocompetent patients mostly an asymptomatic disease and very rarely can lead to a severe disease with multiple organ involvement. In contrast, in patients with HIV/AIDS acquired immunodeficiency, it is an opportunistic infection associated with high morbidity and mortality, caused by reactivation of CMV in the presence of severe immunosuppression. There are very few cases of primary CMV infection described in people living with HIV.

We present the case of a 30-year-old male with a history of HIV infection, diagnosed 6 years prior in the B3 clinical and immunological stage, under antiretroviral medication with a good adherence, who was admitted for acute febrile syndrome with gastro-intestinal manifestations, cutaneous eruption and meningeal syndrome. Both CMV IgM antibodies and CMV viral load were performed with positive results. The patient’s evolution was favorable under symptomatic treatment. Since the patient’s CMV serology and viral load results came back after the resolution of the symptoms, he didn’t receive any specific antiviral medication.